Reflexió de l’impacte mediambiental del mal ús de la IALa

intel·ligència artificial (IA) és una eina increïble, però si no la fem servir de manera responsable, pot consumir una gran quantitat d’energia i causar contaminació. En aquest treball, hem analitzat quanta energia es necessita, quantes emissions de CO₂ es generen i com es compara amb altres tecnologies. A més, proposem algunes solucions per minimitzar aquest impacte.

Dades quantitatives

Consum energètic dels centres de dades amb IA: Entrenar un model gran pot requerir fins a 1.287 MWh (megawatts hora). Per fer-ho més visual, això és l’equivalent a l’energia que utilitzen 120 llars durant un any.

Emissions de CO₂: Entrenar un model de llenguatge gran pot generar fins a 284 tones de CO₂. Per posar-ho en perspectiva, és com si fessis 125 viatges en avió de Barcelona a Nova York.

Ús de recursos:

-Molts servidors necessiten aigua per mantenir-se frescos.

-Un centre de dades pot consumir milions de litres d’aigua cada dia.

-Comparació amb altres tecnologies

Tecnologia | Consum energètic | Emissions CO₂ | Notes
IA (entrenament gran) | ~1.287 MWh | ~284 tones | Molt alt
Avió Barcelona–Nova York | ~2.5 MWh per passatger | ~2 tones | Viatge llarg
Cotxe de gasolina (1 any) | ~5 MWh | ~4 tones | Ús personal
PC domèstic (1 any) | ~0.2 MWh | ~0.1 tones | Molt baix

Solucions per reduir l’impacte:

-Utilitzar energies renovables (solar, eòlica) als centres de dades.

-Optimitzar els models: entrenar IA més petites i eficients.

-Reutilitzar i compartir models en comptes de crear-ne de nous cada vegada.

-Refredament sostenible: fer servir aire natural o sistemes que consumeixin menys aigua.

-Conscienciar els usuaris: evitar l’ús de la IA per a tasques innecessàries (com generar milers d’imatges sense sentit).

-Estructura del portafolis

-Introducció – Explicació del problema.

-Dades quantitatives – Taules i gràfics amb

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